Identify the Common Poplars in North America

Distinguish the Common Poplars in North America The class Populusâ most normal North American locals includeâ one genuine poplar in the north, four essential types of cottonwoods and the shuddering aspen. The greater part of the known 35 common poplar species live in the Northern Hemisphere. The cottonwoods flourish in an environment related with riparian and wetland zones in eastern and western North America. The aspens are generally agreeable in boreal situations ruled by conifers with aspen being a significant expansive leaved animal categories. Resin poplar (Populus balsamifera)â is the northernmost American hardwood and a significant deciduous tree in Canada and Alaska. The Common North American Poplar Species Shaking aspenBalsam poplarEastern cottonwoodBlack cottonwood Throughout the entire have regenerative catkins that show up not long before the new leaves of spring and can help in distinguishing proof. The subsequent organic product is a case that opens into 2 tp 4 sections. The tufted seeds are shed in masses of white cotton which can make the progress inches down. The leaves of aspen and Eastern cottonwood are deltoidsâ where dark cottonwood and amber poplar are praise. They happen on a branch on the other hand, are basic (single leaf) and generally toothed. Fascinating Facts The Eastern Cottonwood, Populus deltoides, is one of the biggest North American hardwood trees. The aspenâ has the broadest range in the United States. It happens all through the eastern United States and all through Canada.Yellow poplar is definitely not a genuine poplar and not recorded here.

Research Proposal Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Paper - Research Proposal Example The understudies will be approached to complete a diagram (Drummond,2014). The completed examination will make most of the fundamental parts to situate each understudy in the correct zone of the 3 X 3 factorial layouts. The examination will contain a variety of requests related to the hypothesis of this investigation to center the models. They are between the use structures/repeat of the use of computer games with the sort of video redirection to the understudies accomplishment and mental state. The diagram will moreover teach as for the extra curricular activities of the understudies since this sort of out of school affiliation may in like manner identify with sequential government authorized grades. This examination is basic because of how fundamental state-regulated testing has wound up, and the sum time and money get put into improving the scores of understudies here. Innovation is a device that teachers can use to help adjusting, yet cerebrum examine mentoring must be first. If teachers and specialists don't perceive how to help getting the hang of, building use will be incapable and inefficient. The key determinant of our success and eager reliability won't be the amount of machines acquired or interfaces presented. Rather, it is the manner by which individuals portray enlightening dreams, plan and help staff, layout instructive program, area issues of significant worth, and respond to the rapidly advancing world. Development gets used as a piece of unexpected courses in comparison to for informative benefits. Building got also made for entertainment and unwinding. Computer games are a kind of designing consolidating visual, sound-related, and sensation/material reenactment structures. Not all, yet various understudies are energized in the utilization of computer games in the timetable of unwinding time and loosening up. Computer games have prop elled far past the

To What Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character Essay Example

What exactly Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character? Paper Petruchio first shows up in Act I scene ii in a whirlwind. His worker, Grumio appears to anger him. In Grumios presentation, he statements with a double meaning to irritate Petruchio: Pet. Lowlife, I state, thump me here adequately. Gru. Thump you here, sir? Why, sir, what am I, sir, that I should thump you here, sir? Here, Petruchio appears to be not able to comprehend that Grumio is utilizing thump about cleverness. Later in the play Petruchio keenly utilizes words to attempt to charm Katherina. Anyway in this scene it causes him to show up touchy and with a need to control the individuals around him. In line 24, Petruchio talks in Italian to Hortensio. This causes him seem smart and causes the crowd to feel that they are in Italy. After Hortensio and Petruchios Italian exchange, Grumio says: Tis regardless, sir, what he leges in Latin. This would, to any individual who can differentiate among Italian and Latin be entertaining and make Grumio appear to be befuddled and oblivious. Nonetheless, almost certainly, less individuals in an advanced crowd would see this and Grumios mix-up might go unnoticed. After this, Petruchio and Grumio squabble about Grumios noncompliance. I bade the scoundrel thump upon your door. This again gives the feeling that Petruchio is irritable and reluctant to withdraw. When Petruchio and Hortensio get discussing ladies, Petruchio shows that he is keen on wedding for cash. Thou knowst not golds impact. When Hortensio tells Petruchio of the rich however savvy young lady Katherina, he is in a flash intrigued. Hortensio appears to laments telling Petruchio and records all of Katherinas terrible focuses: She is heinous curst. In any case, Petruchio has his mentality and won't transform it. We will compose a custom paper test on To What Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character? explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on To What Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on To What Extent is Petruchio a Sympathetic Character? explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer From his previous activities, the crowd can tell that Petruchio would likely have the option to make Katherine yield, as he is a ground-breaking and blazing character. Petruchio clarifies that he doesnt care how awful her temper is the length of she has bunches of cash. I come to wive it affluently in Padua. Petruchio infers that he believes that he is splendidly equipped for subduing Katherina. Have I not heard extraordinary arms in the field, And do you let me know of a womans tongue. In spite of the fact that Petruchio has some solid lines at an opportune time, he conveys them with amusingness and love. This makes ready for the upbeat marriage that we see beginning to appear toward the finish of the play. In the 2003 Royal Shakespeare Company creation of The Taming of the Shrew, Petruchio is appeared as being flushed when he first shows up in the play. He is likewise appeared to embrace Hortensio. This maybe gives us an understanding into his increasingly touchy side. Another way that Petruchio shows his inside touchy nature is by utilizing streaming and reciprocal words to depict Katherina: Her amiability and constrained unobtrusiveness. This appears to be practically similar to Petruchio is attempting to mess with himself regarding what Katherina is truly similar to. This additionally has the impact of giving the crowd a perspective on how he needs Katherina to turn out after he has subdued her. Petruchio emphasizes this in Act II, scene I, line 168 in his first monologue. Here, he tells the crowd that he will negate all that she says and does: Say that she grimace, Ill state she looks as clear As morning roses recently washd with dew. He does this to endeavor to confound her and win her kindness.

New Ideas Into Proper Custom Term Paper Writing Never Before Revealed

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Public Health Organization, Central Pollution Control...

SUBJECT: PHE5ENV ASSIGNMENT 3 LITERATURE REVIEW DATE: 6th March, 2015 NAME: SARAS SONI STUDENT ID: 18007333 MPH 2ND SEMESTER Email ID: 18007333@students.latrobe.edu.au STATEMENT OF COMPETING INTERESTS: Sources PubMed, Published Journals, Government Reports and Publications, World Health Organization, Central Pollution Control Board, World Bank Development Research Group, Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Government Of India Ministry Of Environment Forests, Development Centre Working Papers, The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases Allied Sciences, PNAS, Independent organizations. Word Count: 2378 What are the primary air pollution problems in your community (select and describe a setting that you are most familiar with)? What are the major sources? Are they related to other environmental issues? How does the air pollution impact on public health? DELHI AIR POLLUTION: BREATHE AT YOUR OWN RISK!!! Public health refers to the science and art of preventing disease, promoting health, and prolonging life among the population as a whole. Its activities aim to provide conditions in which people can be healthy and focus on entire populations, not on individual patients or diseases (1). Our health is very much dependent on external environment in which we live, the air we breathe, water we drink or the food we eat and it should be free of contamination and pollution in order to live a healthy life. One of the biggest threats to the health of people in today’s world isShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Impact Assessment For Trinidad And Tobago9855 Words   |  40 Pagesprincipally in English as the official language. Trinidad and Tobago is a parliamentary democracy with the Prime Minister elected as head of State and a bicameral legislative branch. In addition, Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly. 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Most financial institutions are highly regulated by government. Broadly speaking, there are three major types of financial institutions: 1. Deposit-taking institutions that accept and manage deposits and make loans, including banks, building societies, credit unions, trust companies, and mortgage loan companies 2. Insurance companies and pension funds; and 3. Brokers, underwriters and investment funds. Function Financial institutions provide service as intermediaries ofRead MoreThe Environmental Problems in India6662 Words   |  27 PagesThe environmental problems in India are growing rapidly. The increasing economic development and a rapidly growing population that has taken the country from 300 million people in 1947 to more than one billion people today is putting a strain on the environment, infrastructure, and the country’s natural resources. Industrial pollution, soil erosion, deforestation, rapid industrialization,   urbanization, and land degradation are all worsening problems. 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GDP’s in others countries are increasing giving JNJ more opportunities to expand to more markets around the world to increase their market share and distribution. Currency | US Dollar Per Currency December 31st, 2008 | US Dollar Per Currency December 31st, 2009 | Trend | EUR | 1.392 | 1.4405 | 0.0485 | GBP | 1.462 | 1.6221 | 0.1601 | JPY | 0.011 | 0Read MoreEnvironmental Factors in Business5042 Words   |  21 Pagesenvironment includes the ‘climate’ or set of conditions: economic, social, political or institutional which have a direct or indirect bearing on the functioning of business It signifies external forces, factors and institutions that are beyond the control of the business and they affect the functioning of a business enterprise. ï  ½ Features ï  ½ Business environment is the sum total of all factors internal external to the business firm that greatly influence their functioning It covers factorsRead MoreEnvironmental Laws in Bangladesh9461 Words   |  38 Pagesnations of the world Bangladesh also acted to the global call for the protection and conservation of natural environment ecology. Industrial development significantly contributes towards economic growth of a country. It brings along with it a host of environmental problem too. It is increasingly being recognized in Bangladesh as in other part of the world that for development to be meaningful sustainable over a longer period environmental concern must be integrated into all development policies.

Back Home - 602 Words

In the article of The Secret power of things we hold dear. Sherry Turkle means by The Objects we Think With. That we cannot remember some of our memories, but if we have the objects that are related to those memories, we will be able to restore them. Those objects can be postcards, photographs, watch, and necklaces. By looking to those objects the mind automatically will start playing the memories episodes. We will start watching the memories that are connected with those objects, and remembering everything about the missing memories. The author was talking about the kitchen closet in her grandparents’ apartment, and how this closet became a source of her family memories. She means by â€Å"The Objects we Think With.† Is our objects are†¦show more content†¦When I was 19 years old, my mom gave me a photograph when I was 12 years old at the zoo. I have a lot of memories with this photograph. Whenever I look to it, I do remember when I was playing at the zoo with my sister and my parent was watching us. I do remember when I was so scared to take a picture in front of the Lion cage. By looking to this photograph I do remember every event that happened that day. I feel like my mind recorded that day, and by looking to the photograph, it starts playing that recording. I have an object that keep giving me a passion and power my life. One of my friends gave me a watch about 4 years ago. He told me that I cant use it until I got my bachelor and back to Egypt. He told me dont even open the watch case, because I will open it when you comeback. I still have this watch unopened since 2010. Whenever I feel frustrated, I just look to the watch. So when I look to the watch I do remember what my friend had said to me. This really give me a real power and passion through my educationShow MoreRelatedA Journey Back Home At Home957 Words   |  4 PagesA Journey Back Home There is no place like home. These are familiar words I often hear from people especially from those who are far away from home. They move or migrate to a different place because of many reasons; it can be a new job, work abroad, or simply to find better opportunity. Canada has been my home for the last 25 years. Living here gave me independence and the ability to improve myself. I’m lucky to be given the chance to stay and live in this beautiful country. All my four childrenRead MoreThe Way Back Home1062 Words   |  5 Pagessuccessful Pete is a real estate agent in Santa Cruz. He has two daughters, a sailboat, and a great deal of money. Donald is something of a drifter, never keeping a job for long, often migrating from one religious commune to another. While Pete is at home in the world and looks healthy and comfortable, Donald is gaunt and obsessed with the fate of his soul. Pete seems to have taken after their parents, who are both dead. Like them, Pete wants simply to be a decent person and not make a fool of himselfRead MoreOdysseus Journey Back Home1462 Words   |  6 PagesSeptember 2, 2014 Analysis: Odysseus’ Journey Back Home to Ithaca The journey of Odysseus is a complex one, and must be carefully analyzed to see whether Odysseus truly completes a hero’s journey. Homer’s The Odyssey, centers upon Odysseus Laertes, the King of Ithaca. After defeating the Trojans at war, Odysseus is on his homeward voyage when he blinds Polyphemus, a Cyclops. Polyphemus then places a curse upon Odysseus, causing him to take 10 years to return home. After he returns, Odysseus kills the manyRead MoreThe Good Doctor Back Home1488 Words   |  6 Pagesboys is precisely what you need!† Those were the exact words her father had given her right before he shipped her off here. Sure, being so far from home was a real treat indeed, but the Grand Isles of New Orleans brought more pain than they did anything else. Being this close to the ocean made her homesick for a place that was never hers to call home anyways. She knew remembering that marvelous land of magic and mayhem was almost as fruitless as remembering him and all he had taught her there. SheRead MorePlaying Football And Transfer Back Home831 Words   |  4 Pagesplaying football and transfer back home. There were many factors that lead me to the choice of leaving instead of standing. The football season ended, but it was not the way I saw it. With break from working out and going to practice, I gained a lot free time. Emory and Henry College had a very small campus, and there wasn’t a lot to do on campus or near campus. This gave me a lot of time to think. The school schedule allowed few breaks, so driving 5 hours back home on any given weekend was out ofRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story Going Back Home 1000 Words   |  4 PagesAs people journey through life, they discover many qualities they hold that make them unique and interesting. These qualities differentiate them from others, and help form their identity. In the stories we have read in class, such as â€Å"Going Back Home†, written by Toyomi Igus and Michele Wood, â€Å"Nei Um Lung, Ma?† by May Yee, and â€Å"The Jade Peony† by Wayson Choy, the characters’ hobbies, beliefs, and family roots make them unique and interesting. 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Those young adults are now called â€Å"boomerang kids†. So what do you do when you graduate without a job lined up? You used to go back home to try to save money or to try to repay some loans, that’s old news. Now, it’s different. You go back homeRead MoreVeterans Deserve a Second Chance Back Home in the USA1467 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica is the land of opportunity and the land of second chances. People come to America to live a better life, but it’s not all it’s cracked up to be. When Veterans come back home, all they want is a second chance at life again. They want to come back and be able to start from where they left off. But the government has done very little to help these veterans. The governm ent believes they have done enough with the programs they have created, but it hasn’t had much of a change. The purpose of thisRead MoreMy Experience In My College Experience : Going Back Home840 Words   |  4 PagesThe first time I went back home after coming to college was a rollercoaster of emotions. After arriving home I was welcomed with open arms by my mom and dad. This was the first time I had seen them since being dropped off at college and I suddenly realized how much I missed them. I called every so often but being in my own home being able to talk and with them was something I hadn’t ever experienced. All of my worries about homework and future exams were gone and I got to enjoy the company of my

The Rennisance Essay Research Paper The Renaissance free essay sample

The Rennisance Essay, Research Paper The Renaissance, which began in Italy in 1300s, was one of the largest periods of growing and development in Western Europe. The addition in trade caused an copiousness in wealth that resulted in the focussing on the humanistic disciplines. Such things as literature, pictures, sculptures and many more plants are known to hold blossomed from the period known as the Renaissance. Many other of import happenings, such as the Reformation and split of the Roman Catholic Church, caused by the opposing positions of Martin Luther and the beliefs of corruptness within the Church. In the twelvemonth 1305 the Roman Catholic Church was relocated from Rome to France. With this the power of the Papal States was divided among the part # 8217 ; s taking households. Get downing near the twelvemonth 1300 the demand for reform began to turn at a rapid gait. By the 1600 # 8217 ; s shut to half of the practising Catholics in Western Europe had left the Church to fall in one of the new reformist spiritual groups. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rennisance Essay Research Paper The Renaissance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This reform brought about new ways of idea and new attitudes towards faith and the human race. The immature German bookman realized that the manner to redemption was # 8220 ; justification by faith. # 8221 ; Martin Luther # 8217 ; s beliefs were deemed to be heretic in nature and he was hidden off by a German prince. The eight campaigns to recapture Jerusalem from the Muslims, played cardinal axial rotations in the period of the Renaissance. The Crusades, which took pla Ce before the period of the Renaissance, are a major factor in the coming approximately or â€Å"birth† of the Renaissance. The eight Campaigns were the attempts to take back Jerusalem from the Muslims. These Crusades introduced to Western Europe the new gustatory sensations of art, all right quinines and new types of fabric, including silk. With this the demand for trade with the Far East increased drastically. This addition in trade caused an copiousness of wealth in Western Europe which intern brought new merchandises and goods to Western Europe. Without the Crusades, which brought back lost plants from the Roman Empire and opened trade with the far east, and the split of the Roman Catholic Church, which brought about the reformation of the church, there would non hold been plenty of a footing for the Renaissance to happen. The word Renaissance means a # 8220 ; metempsychosis # 8221 ; . This is precisely what happened after the Crusades and split of the Roman Catholic Church. A metempsychosis of thoughts was the result. The most drastic alteration took topographic point in art. Such people as Grotto, Tommaso Masaccio, and Filippo Brunelleschi created new positions. With these new positions came a different age of art within the Renaissance. Many new painters learned about utilizing sunglassess of visible radiation and darkness to make the semblance of deepness, along with other techniques to do pictures more realistic. The Renaissance was genuinely the # 8220 ; metempsychosis # 8221 ; of lost thoughts along with the birth of new thoughts.

Twas The Night Before Finals Essays - , Term Papers

Twas The Night Before Finals Twas the night before finals, and all through the college, The students were praying for last minute knowledge. Most were quete sleepy, but none touched their beds, While visions of essays danced in their heads. Out in the taverns, a few were still drinking, And hoping that liquor would loosen up their thinking. In my own room, I had been pacing, And dreading exams I soon would be facing. My roommate was speechless, his nose in his books, And my comments to him drew unfriendly looks. I drained all the coffee, and smoked soom more pot, No longer caring that my nerves were shot. I stared at my notes, but my thoughts were muddy, My eyes went ablur, I just couldn't study. some pizza might help, I said with a shiver, But each plase I called refused to deliver. I'd nearly concluded that life is too damn cruel, With futures depending on grades made in school. When all of sudden, our door opened wide, And Patron Saint , Mr. Put It Off stubled inside. His spirit was stoned, his manner was mellow, All of a sudden, he started to bellow. On Cliff Notes, and Crib Notes, on Last Year Exams. On Wingit and Slingit and Last Minute Crams. His message delivered he vanished from sight. Bet we heard him laughting ourside in the night. Your teachers have pegged you as freaks, so do you best. Happy Finals to all and to all a good test. Poetry and Poets

Understanding Deliverance Dane

Understanding Deliverance Dane Deliverance Dane Facts Known for:  accused witch in the 1692  Salem witch trials  Occupation:  homemakerAge at time of Salem witch trials:  40 years oldDates:  January 15, 1652 – June 15, 1735Also known as Deliverance Hazeldine Dane; Dane was also spelled Dean or Deane, Hazeltine sometimes spelled Haseltine or Haseltine Family, Background: Mother: Ann or Anna – probably Wood or Langley (1620 – 1684) Father: Robert Hazeltine (1609 – 1674) Siblings: Anna Kimball (1640 – 1688), Mercy Kimball (1642 – 1708), David Hazeltine (1644 – 1717), Mary Hazeltine (1646 – 1647), Abraham Hazeltine (1648 – 1711), Elizabeth Hazeltine (1652 – 1654), Robert Hazeltine (1657 – 1729), Gershom Hazeltine (1660 – 1711) Husband: Nathaniel Dane (1645 – 1725), son of Rev. Francis Dane and brother of two accused witches, Abigail Faulker Sr. and Elizabeth Johnson Sr. Husband’s siblings: Hannah Dane (1636 – 1642), Albert Dane (1636 – 1642), Mary Clark Dane Chandler (1638 – 1679, 7 children, 5 alive in 1692), Elizabeth Dane Johnson (1641 – 1722), Francis Dane (1642 – before 1656), Albert Dane (1645 - ?), Hannah Dane Goodhue (1648 – 1712), Phebe Dane Robinson (1650 – 1726), Abigail Dane Faulkner (1652 – 1730) Children: Nathaniel Dane, 1674 - 1674Francis Dane, 1678 – 1679Hannah Dane Osgood, 1679 – 1734, married to Samuel Osgood, son of John Osgood (1691 – 1693); Mary Osgood was Hannah’s mother-in-law, married to John OsgoodDaniel Dane, 1684 - 1754Mary Allen(?), 1686 - 1772Hannah Osgood, 1686 - 1734Deliverance Foster, 1693 - 1754Abigail Carleton, born 1698 – 1775 Deliverance Dane Before the Salem Witch Trials Married in 1672 to Nathaniel Dane, son of Andover’s local Puritan minister, Deliverance Dane had married into a powerful family.   Her father was from Devon, England, and her mother had been born in Rowley, Massachusetts Province.   Deliverance was the third-eldest of their nine children. By 1692, Deliverance and Nathaniel Dane already had five children, with another conceived in mid-year before the witchcraft accusations seriously hit the family. Deliverance’s father-in-law had some years before opposed a witchcraft trial.   He was critical of the Salem Village proceedings, as well. Andover was located generally to the northwest of Salem Village. Because she was probably caught up in the accusations because of her family connections, this article highlights those close family members accused as well, to illustrate the timeline better. Deliverance Dane and the Salem Witch Trials Although Elizabeth Johnson had been mentioned in a January deposition by Mercy Lewis, nothing had come of that. (Whether that was Nathaniel’s sister Elizabeth Dane Johnson or his niece, Elizabeth Johnson Jr., is not clear.) But by August, Elizabeth Johnson Jr. had been accused and was examined  on August 10. She confessed, implicating others.   On August 11, another of Nathaniel’s sisters, Abigail Faulkner, Sr., was arrested and accused.   On August 25, Mary Bridges Jr. of Andover was examined, accused of afflicting Martha Sprague and Rose Foster.   On the 29th of that month, Elizabeth Johnson Jr.’s siblings, Abigail (11) and Stephen (14) were arrested, as was Elizabeth Johnson Sr. and her daughter Abigail Johnson (11). Both of Deliverance’s sisters-in-law, Abigail Faulkner Sr. and Elizabeth Johnson Sr., were examined on August 30. They confessed, Elizabeth at least implicating others, including her sister and her son. On August 31, Rebecca Eames  was examined for the second time, and her confession included accusations against Abigail Faulkner.   Stephen Johnson then confessed on September 1, saying he had afflicted Martha Sprague, Mary Lacy, and Rose Foster. Deliverance Dane Accused Around   September 8: Deliverance Dane, according to a petition issued after the end of the trials, was first accused when two of the afflicted girls were called to Andover to determine the cause of sickness of both Joseph Ballard and his wife. Others were blindfolded, their hands laid on the â€Å"afflicted persons,† and when the afflicted persons fell into fits, the group was seized and taken to Salem. The group included Mary Osgood, Martha Tyler, Deliverance Dane, Abigail Barker, Sarah Wilson and Hannah Tyler. Some were, the later petition said, persuaded to confess what they were suggested to confess.   Afterward, over their shock at arrest, they renounced their confessions.   They were reminded that Samuel Wardwell had confessed and then renounced his confession and was therefore condemned and executed; the petition states that they were frightened that they would be next to meet that fate. Deliverance Dane confessed under examining. She said that she had been working with Mrs. Osgood. She implicated her father-in-law, Rev. Francis Dane, but he was never arrested.   Most of the records of her arrest and examinations have been lost. On September 16, Abigail Faulkner Jr. (9) was accused and arrested and examined along with her sister Dorothy (12).   According to the record, they implicated their mother, stating that â€Å"thire mother apared and mayd them witches and also marth [a] Tyler Johanah Tyler: and Sarih Willson and Joseph draper all acknowlidge that they ware lead into that dradfull sin of witchcrift by hir meanse.† Abigail Faulkner Sr. was among those tried and convicted by the court on September 17, condemned to be executed.   Her sentence was suspended, however, until she could complete her pregnancy. But by the end of September, the trials had almost completely run their course.   There would be no more executions.   Now, some of those in jail and not convicted could be released – if their costs were paid for the time they’d been in jail, and a bond to ensure that they’d return if the trials resumed. Deliverance Dane After the Trials: What Happened to Deliverance Dane? We don’t know when she was released – records related to Deliverance Dane are quite spotty.   There is no indication of her release date nor the conditions under which she was released, though she may not have been indicted. Deliverance’s husband Nathaniel Dane and a neighbor, John Osgood, paid 500 pounds on October 6 to gain the release of Dorothy Faulkner and Abigail Faulkner Jr. Three other adults paid 500 pounds that day to release Stephen Johnson and Abigail Johnson along with Sarah Carrier.   On October 15, Mary Bridges Jr. was able to gain release when John Osgood and Mary’s father John Bridges paid a 500-pound bond. In December, Abigail Faulkner, Sr., petitioned the governor for clemency. Her husband’s illness had worsened, and she pleaded her case that she needed to care for the children. He arranged for her release from prison. On January 2, the Rev. Francis Dane wrote to fellow ministers that, knowing the people of Andover where he served as a senior minister, I believe many innocent persons have been accused and imprisoned. He denounced the use of spectral evidence. A similar missive signed by 41 men and 12 women of Andover was sent to the Salem court. In January, Elizabeth Johnson Jr. was among those found not guilty in a Superior Court trial of those who had been indicted in September. Another undated petition to the Salem Court of Assize, probably from January, is on record from more than 50 Andover â€Å"neighbors† on behalf of Mary Osgood, Eunice Fry, Deliverance Dane, Sarah Wilson Sr. and Abigail Barker, stating faith in their integrity and piety, and making clear that they were innocent. The petition protested the way that many had been persuaded to confess under pressure what they were charged with and stated that no neighbors had any reason to suspect that the charges might be true. John Osgood and John Bridges got Mary Bridges Sr. released on January 12 with a 100-pound bond. In 1693, Deliverance Dane appears again in the record.   On February 20 Deliverance Dane gave birth to a baby girl also named (appropriately) Deliverance – the mother was to go on to have one more child about five years later.   And also in 1693, there is on file a petition by Nathaniel Dane, asking the sheriff, clerk and jail keeper for an accounting of the â€Å"prison fees and money and provision necessarily Expended† for his wife, Deliverance Dane, and his manservant (not named). In 1700, Deliverance’s niece Abigail Faulkner Jr. asked the Massachusetts General Court to reverse her conviction. In 1703, residents of Andover, Salem Village, and Topsfield petitioned on behalf of Rebecca Nurse, Mary Esty, Abigail Faulkner, Mary Parker, John and Elizabeth Proctor, Elizabeth Howe and Samuel and Sarah Wardwell – all but Abigail Faulkner, Elizabeth Proctor, and Sarah Wardwell had been executed – asking the court to exonerate them for the sake of their relatives and descendants.   Francis and Abigail Faulkner, Nathaniel Dane (Deliverance’s husband) and Francis Dane (presumably her father-in-law) were among those signing the petition. Another petition was filed that year on behalf of Deliverance Dane, Martha Osgood, Martha Tyler, Abigail Barker, Sarah Wilson and Hannah Tyler, who had been arrested together. May 1709: Francis Faulkner joined with Philip English and others to submit yet another petition on behalf of themselves and their relatives, to the Governor and the General Assembly of Massachusetts Bay Province, asking for reconsideration and remuneration. In 1711, the  legislature of the Province of Massachusetts Bay  restored all rights to many of those who had been accused in the 1692 witch trials. Included were George Burroughs, John Proctor, George Jacob, John Willard, Giles and  Martha Corey,  Rebecca Nurse,  Sarah Good, Elizabeth How,  Mary Easty, Sarah Wilds, Abigail Hobbs, Samuel Wardell, Mary Parker,  Martha Carrier, Abigail Faulkner, Anne Foster, Rebecca Eames, Mary Post, Mary Lacey, Mary Bradbury and Dorcas Hoar. Deliverance Dane lived until 1735. Motives Deliverance Dane may have been caught up in the accusations because of her close association with both witchcraft skeptic Rev. Francis Dane, and her sister-in-law, Abigail Faulkner Sr., who controlled more wealth and property than women usually did because of her husband’s large inheritance and illness that prevented him from managing it. Deliverance Dane in  The Crucible Deliverance Dane and the rest of the Andover Dane extended family are not characters in Arthur Miller’s play about the Salem witch trials, The Crucible. Deliverance Dane in  Salem, 2014 series Abigail and the rest of the Andover Dane extended family are not characters in the Salem TV series. Deliverance Dane in Other Fiction In a 2009 novel by Katherine Howe, The Physick Book of Deliverance Dane, Deliverance Dane is depicted as an actual witch.

Talk back to Mike Kefee Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Talk back to Mike Kefee - Assignment Example Instead of invading Gaza and occupying it once again, Israel is trying to protect its borders from the GPRs and missiles that rain upon their civilian homes and cities. The two men talking about the flotilla in the cartoon sum up the situation. If the flotilla comes through, possible arms and much needed supplies are delivered. If violence erupts, Israel looks bad in the light of the entire world. What is not known, or underreported, is Israel sends tons of food, medical supplies, tools, and other supplies monthly. These are from Israeli sources. The Israeli government told the flotilla, if they docked in Israel the supplies would be checked and transported to Gaza. The Israelis even said that the representatives could watch the IDF (Israel Defense Force) soldiers search the food. The representatives could have then accompanied the shipment to Gaza. The whole flotilla was a publicity stunt that got people killed. My audience is Colorado citizens. I kept them in mind by explaining events in the Middle East, since an average Colorado citizen probably does not keep up with events in Gaza and Israel. I am responding in a manner to inform about the issue through the cartoon. I expect most people to disagree with my point of view. My word choice and tone will be logical and to the point in order to explain the situation to my

Ancient Epic and Tragedy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ancient Epic and Tragedy - Essay Example Seated around the altar of Zeus are Amphitryon, the man known as the father of Heracles, Megara, the wife of Heracles, and the three sons of Megara and Heracles. Heracles himself is believed to be dead, descended into the kingdom of Hades to retrieve the three-headed dog Cerberus, never to return. Amphitryon summarizes the history of the family as the play opens, introducing Megara and her three children and repeating the reason why Heracles had to leave his family. He embarked on his tasks for Eurystheus in order to succeed to the Fortress of Argos. However, because of the circumstances of his birth, Heracles has always to contend with the jealousy of Hera, the queen of heaven: ‘Whether Hera’s jealousy, or Fate’s decree, imposed/Such labours on him, who can say?’ (154) Heracles father is Zeus, the king of heaven, who seduced Alcmene, the wife of Amphitryon. Amphitryon raised Heracles as his own son and loves and protects Heracles’ sons as his grandc hildren. Megara’s father, Creon, was king of Thebes but has recently been deposed by Lycus; this makes their situation very bleak and dangerous, Amphitryon states: Grandfather, mother and children are hemmed in and threatened on all sides. Murder leads to more murder in the rhetoric of this kind of tragedy. Lycus, in order to seize and consolidate power, must murder the royal family and all their descendents and relatives he can get access to. So, the family tableau with which the play opens, is one of tragic proportions already as they are prisoners of Lycus surrounding the altar of Zeus to appeal to the gods for their help. Overruling anything Megara might be able to do, however, is the jealousy of Hera that manipulates the situation around Heracles. Megara asks: ‘So now, father, what hope, what means to save our lives/Have you in mind?’ (155). Hope is the talisman that Amphitryon hangs on to and ‘hope’ is centered upon Heracles.

The Philosopher of Free

The Philosopher of Freedom and Empiricism Essay John Locke (August 29, 1632 – October 28, 1704) was a British Philosopher, Oxford scholar, medical researcher and physician, political operative, and economist. Alexander Popham, his father’s commander, helped him to gain an excellent education. It was 1964 when Locke started to study in Westminster School in London. John Locke had become the King’s scholar. The King’s scholar was group of intelligent boys who has the privilege to live in the school and to receive an allowance for two to three years before standing for election. After studying in Westminster school, he went to Christ Church in Oxford at the age of twenty. His years in college were devoted in taking logic and metaphysics and the classical languages. It was June 1658, when Locke was qualified as a Master of Arts and elected as Senior Student council in Christ Church College. After few years, Locke was elected as Lecturer in Greek, Lecturer in Rhetoric, and Lecturer in Philosophy. But then, John Locke declined the permanent positions to avoid confining himself in religious orders. Also, having studied medicine, John Locke served as a private physician and secretary to Anthony Ashley Cooper. His knowledge in scientific practice had influenced his political thoughts and methods. As author of the Essay Concerning Human Understanding and the Two Treatises, he made his place in the philosophical and political fields. He was considered as the first British empiricist. Locke said that all individuals were born without innate ideas or knowledge. When we were born, our mind is like a white sheet of paper; it is clear and does not have any ideas (tabula rasa). However, through experience which is derived from five senses, we can have an identity and firm foundation of knowledge. This knowledge is based on sensation and reflection. Sensation is our observation about external sensible objects; while reflection is from internal operations of our mind. John Locke implied that our passion or fantasy must not affect our reasons. He believed that observation and experience are the only strong foundations of knowledge. Observation can be simple which is always true or complex which is not always true and not corresponds with reality always. We can definitely be certain with our ideas if we can analyze our complex ideas back to the simple ideas where they originated. Truth will come out through the joining simple ideas in your head and matches the thing that your simple ideas represent in reality. His thoughts about the development of human knowledge became very useful in psychology- the association psychology. He was often called as the â€Å"Father of English Psychology†. Nowadays, his ideas are still applied in psychology. His work, the Essay, discussed his contribution about the philosophy of language. He said that language a basis for judgment. He said that the words we use do not have meanings, the meanings lie on the ideas in our mind. Among all his professions, John Locke was best known for his political thoughts. Arguing with Thomas Hobbes, John Locke stated that the original state of nature was happy and characterized by reason and tolerance. All people must attain equality and independence. Nobody has the right to abridge or harm another’s rights, life, liberty, and possessions. The state should be guided by natural law. Rights of property are very important, because each person has a right to the product of his or her labor. If one of the rights of citizens is being harmed, they have the right of overthrowing the government. John Locke’s political thoughts influenced the declaration of Independence in America by Thomas Jefferson. Until now, America is still under his influenced that everyone should be free.

Macbeth :: Literary Analysis, Shakespeare

Within the pages of the play Macbeth, one can find the five distinct literary devices of symbolism, allusion, alliteration, personification, and repetition used throughout. These three devices aid the story along and help develop the plot and characters each in a different way. With the use of symbolism, or the practice of representing things by means of symbols that give significance to objects (The Free Dictionary 2011), events, or relationships, one can see that this device helps the overall plot and development of characters by showing the significance of emotions, such as guilt, by the players. Symbolism brings a lot to the overall work as it gives the readers a deeper look into the emotions brought up in the play, helps the reader associate symbols to actual meanings, and gives the story a kind of depth that would not be there without. One quotation that shows the use of symbolism is by Lady Macbeth, â€Å"Out, damned spot! Out, I say†¦Yet who would have thought the old man to have had so much blood in him?† (Act 5, Scene 1, lines 30-34) (Sparknotes 2011). This quote shows the imagined blood on Lady Macbeth’s hands as the symbol of the guilt and remorse, as well as fright, that she feels over all the deaths that have been implemented by her in the play. Lady cannot get rid of the blood which is a symbol for how she cannot get the deaths out of her consciousness. Allusion, or a passing reference to something in the Bible, history, or literature, is used in the play as a way of letting the reader and audience gain depth into the story and overall it helps the actors get the meaning they are trying to convey across to the audience. One quotation that shows the use of allusion is by Malcolm, â€Å"Angels are bright still, though the brightest fell.† (Act 4, Scene 3, line 23) (Sparknotes 2011). This quote is a biblical allusion that refers to the angel Lucifer’s fall from grace. In the context of the play, the quotes is in reference to Macbeth and how even though everything that is evil tries to present itself as good, there will always be a flaw and evil will never prevail. Alliteration, or the repetition of the same sounds or of the same kinds of sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables (The Free Dictionary 2011), is used in the play Macbeth to get an actor’s point across in a powerful and intense fashion.

Do Personality Traits Predict Behaviour?

Do personality traits predict behaviour? The trait approach to personality is focused on differences between individuals. After type theorists such as Sheldon, who focused on body parts to determine temperament, and lexical researchers such as Galton who provided the first dictionary of words to describe behaviour, the principles underpinning trait theory were first outlined by Gordon Allport (1937). He found that one English-language dictionary alone contained more than 4,000 words describing different personality traits and suggested that it is how the traits come together that produces the uniqueness of all individuals. Rather than relying on intuition or subjective judgement as did Freud and many other neo-Freudians, trait theorists used objective measurements to examine their constructs. The use of factor analysis was a major breakthrough in the trait approach and Raymond Cattell was the first to make the use of this to reduce the lists of traits to a smaller number. This marked the beginning of the search to discover the basis structure of personality. This essay will discuss the issues surrounding the use of personality measures such as Eysencks personality questionnaire (EPQ) and Costa and Mc Crae’s Big Five model (NEO-PIR) to predict behaviour. Cattell’s 16PF hasn’t had much of an impact but personality measures that followed such as Eysenck’s personality questionnaire, who claimed that 3 types/ supertraits, Extraversion, Neuroticism and Psychoticism, make up the basic structure of personality, and Costa and mc Crae’s Big Five Model measuring Openness, Conscientious, Extraversion, agreeableness and Neuroticism, have received a high level of support. The personality factors are found cross-culturally, in children as well as adults and specifically for Eysencks model in identical twins raised apart, evidence which seems to demonstrate that the observed personality differences are stable across time and have a genetic basis, although the underlying heritability estimate used in studies has been questioned by Plomin. Nevertheless, trait measures have great practical applications; they have been embraced by psychologists from almost every perspective and used by professionals working in a wide variety of settings, such as in the workplace and the education system etc, and are used to make important judgements about an individual’s behaviour in different situations. Employers have used scores from personality tests to make hiring and promotion decisions for many years (Roberts and Hogan, 2000). The methodology used to identify the dimensional structure of personality traits, factor analysis, is often challenged for not having a universally-recognized basis for choosing among solutions with different numbers of factors. More than one interpretation can be made of the same data factored the same way, and factor analysis cannot identify causality. However, some of the most common criticisms of trait theory centre on the fact that traits are often poor predictors of behaviour. While an individual may score high on assessments of a specific trait, he or she may not always behave that way in every situation. This was highlighted by Walter Mischel (1968, 1973) who stimulated a huge debate that raged until the early 1980s, concerning whether personality traits predict behaviour. At the heart of this debate was the questioning of the stability of traits across situations, known as the ‘personality paradox’. He demonstrated with his CAPs model that there is a complex interaction between situations and enduring individual personality differences, however the effects of many variables still have to be examined. Mischel criticised how personality measures were interpreted and used, demonstrating that on average personality measures statistically account for only around 10% of the variance observed in behaviour, therefore 90% is due to something other than the effect of personality. This reflects the fact that many factors contribute to any one piece of behaviour, such as: the characteristics of the specific situation, the person’s mood at that time, competing goals, etc. However an argument in trait theories defence is in regard to the . 30, . 40 correlation co-efficient. How high does a correlation have to be before its considered important? Research by Funder and Ozer (1983) looked at social psychological findings often cited for their â€Å"important† findings and found that they had similar co-efficient of . 36 and . 42. In their defence trait theorists argue that researchers often fail to provide a strong link between traits and behaviour is because they don’t measure behaviour correctly, only measuring one behaviour. As an alternative researchers can aggregate data, one study looked at trait measures of aggression and the number of aggressive acts students preformed, not only on one day but over the course of two weeks and found a correlation of . 1 between the aggregated measure and the trait score (Wu and Clarke, 2003). Burger (2008) states that when all the complex influences on our behaviour are taken into account we probably should be impressed that personality psychologists can explain even 10%. Mischels criticism has had beneficial effects in work settings, with the use of multiple measures of p ersonality such as, psychometric assessments, interviews, individual and group tasks used together as an assessment package to prevent overreliance on the psychometric tool. Furthermore, Mischels views led researchers to look very critically at their methodologies, admitting that measures were often weak and the selection of which traits to study was sometimes inappropriate (Funder, 1999,2001). Today most psychologists agree that the person and the situation react to determine behaviour ( Maggnusson, 1990) and Swan and Seyle (2005) conclude their review on Mischels work by saying that there are still instances where it is helpful to make distinctions between personal and situational determines of behaviour.

Literary Analysis of A White Heron - 2159 Words

Literature Analysis Part 1 Throughout the history Fiction has been used by many writers to emphasize on environment and the importance it has in our lives. A White Heron, is a great example of how an article can effectively grip the attention of the reader and delivering a vital message at the same time. On the other hand fact based articles are based on truth, research and years of hard work but unfortunately most of the time they fail to capture the common reader proving interesting to only subject area experts or environmentalists. A White Heron written in 1886 is about a girl who comes to her grandmothers house in the country side she falls in love with the nature and after some time adjusts in the new surroundings. Being familiarized with the surroundings, a hunter offers her a considerable reward for finding a Heron for his personal collection. Being human she agrees to find the bird and accompanies the hunter but fails to find the heron. Later on she goes alone and finds the birds nest by climbing on the tallest tree, this in turn reignites her love and passion for the nature and the thought of helping the hunter and killing of the Heron becomes cynical. She keeps it a secret and Hunter goes back without his prize. (Jewett, 2009) On the other hand Reducing, harmful, drilling and mining is an article that emphasizes on the use of coal in fulfilling our energy needs and the impact coal drilling and mining has on the environment of the surrounding areas. ItShow MoreRelatedMy Psychoanalytic Views of Two Short Stories1454 Words   |  6 Pagestheories seemed very radical, when put into life situations they actually make perfect sense. Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism refers to literary criticism or literary theory which, in method, concept, or form, is influenced by the tradition of psychoanalysis begun by Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalytic literary criticism is a very common method of analyzing stories such as The White Heron by Sarah Orne Jewett, Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne and The Masque of the Red Death by Edgar AllenRead MoreCritical Analysis of White Heron Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Analysis of White Heron The White Heron is a spiritual story portraying great refinement and concerns with higher things in life. A 9 year old girl once isolated in the city found fulfillment in a farm surrounded by nature. Too those less unfortunate, money charm and other attractions can be intoxicated; Sylvia did not bite. She could have helped her situation and found a way to wealth but in the end she realized that it wouldn’t help her to be the person she wanted to be. This paperRead MoreSummary Of Literary Regionalism By Sarah Orne Jewett743 Words   |  3 Pagesstyle. Without delving into deeper analysis, there are two distinctive themes that are easily recognizable in the vast majority of Jewett’s anthology of works. Jewett was born and grew up in South Berwick, a small rural town in southern Maine. Many, if not most of Jewetts works are set in locations similar to, or within South Berwick. This practice of setting written works in specific geographic locations relevant to the writers experience is known as literary regionalism. Because of this themesRead More The Key Elements of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Essay1853 Words   |  8 PagesMan provides an introspective exploration of an Irish Catholic upbringing. To provide the reader with a proper interpretation, Joyce permeates the story with vivid imagery and a variety of linguistic devices. This paper will provide an in-depth of analysis of the work by examining its key elements. 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He makes sure as to what his view is by emphasizing that the story reminds him of a Classic American Short Story of theRead MoreAn Analysis of Roddy Doyle’s Writing Style Essay example3319 Words   |  14 Pages An Analysis of Roddy Doyle’s Writing Style nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Roddy Doyle is an Irish novelist from Dublin, Ireland, who has written several award winning anovels. Through the use of a variety of literary techniques, Doyle has been able to delve into the thoughts and minds of his characters, so that the reader can easily empathize with them. Specifically, through the use of vernacular language, detailed imagery, and stream of consciousness in two of his novels, The Woman Who Walked IntoRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesï » ¿TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS The purpose of Text Interpretation and Analysis is a literary and linguistic commentary in which the reader explains what the text reveals under close examination. Any literary work is unique. It is created by the author in accordance with his vision and is permeated with his idea of the world. The reader’s interpretation is also highly individual and depends to a great extent on his knowledge and personal experience. That’s why one cannot lay down a fixed â€Å"model†Read MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagespalatalized consonant. It is not, however, a conclusive argument against the /b/ plus /y/ interpretation, for it can be argued that only the first consonant of a cluster is reduplicated. 3. The palatalized consonant solution draws a parallel with the analysis of kw, gw, etc., as single labialized consonants. But their behaviour is not parallel; thus á »â€¹kwà   (to push) has the imperative kwà  a (and not *kà ¹Ã¯â‚¬ ¨a) and the gerund à ²Ã¯â‚¬ ¤kwà ¹Ã¯â‚¬ ¨kwà   (and not *à ²Ã¯â‚¬ ¤kà ¹Ã¯â‚¬ ¨kwà  ). Again, this is not an argument against the cluster interpretation

Biography of Whitney Houston - 1357 Words

Whitney Houston is considered as one of the greatest singers of our generation. According to the Guinness Book of World Records, she holds the record of being the most rewarded female artist of all time. I chose her as my topic, because she represents resiliency and tenacity, despite her troubled experiences with drugs and her personal life. Whitney Houston comes from a family with an amazing, musical pedigree; her mother, Cissy Houston, was a successful back-up singer for Aretha Franklin and Elvis Presley. Dionne Warwick is her first cousin and Aretha Franklin is her godmother. In 1983, Houston was signed to Arista Records and music executive, Clive Davis, became her mentor and helped launch her successful career. Whitney Houston was†¦show more content†¦If an individual wants to be in the entertainment industry, one must know who they are and to develop a tough exterior, in order to overcome adversity and negativity. It is evident that Whitney was a people-pleaser and if s he did not please everybody, then it would take a toll on her and as a result, provided her with a lot of distress and pain. For this reason, possibly drew her into a realm of drugs and chaos. Psychosocial development was created by Erik Erikson, in which, mentions that personality is developed in a series of stages, throughout an individual’s lifespan. In particular, the Identity versus Role Confusion was a very profound stage to discuss, in regards to Whitney Houston’s life. Even though, she sold millions of records and won many awards, Whitney still felt empty in her personal life. In turn, she turned to drugs, as a means of support and to ease the pain of her emptiness. She mentioned in an interview with Oprah: â€Å"I spent my life making records and touring the world in my 20’s and 30’s†¦I totally forgot about singing, I was focused on finding my young womanhood.† (Winfrey, interview, 2009). In the beginning of her career, Whitney was to o busy promoting herself and getting her out there to music executives, in order to start her career. Clive chose all of the songs for her to sing and her mother picked the clothes that she would wear on stage. This poses a problem, because Whitney did not have theShow MoreRelatedComparison Between Michael Jackson And Whitney Houston1342 Words   |  6 PagesComparison between Michael Jackson and Whitney Houston’s Music and Personal lives. Michael Jackson and Whitney Houston were two of the biggest music acts in the world, selling hundreds upon thousands of records between them. Both acts rose to fame at an early age eventually earning the titles ‘The King of Pop’ (The Guardian, 2009) and ‘The Voice’ (IMDB, 2012) as well as earning plentiful awards in their careers; It is claimed that Whitney Houston is the most awarded female artist of all time. AsRead MoreWhitney Houston Essay1517 Words   |  7 PagesDiagnostic Battery: A Case Evaluation of Whitney Houston Marc Kelly Walden University Diagnostic Battery: A Case Evaluation of Whitney Houston A psychological diagnostic battery is an important instrument in diagnosing various psychological conditions of an individual. As counselors, having an exact diagnosis and a diagnostic evaluation is essential. This paper will attempt to provide a diagnostic battery assessment of Whitney Houston. Although she has pasted away, the paper willRead MoreThe Voice Of An Icon1442 Words   |  6 PagesThe Voice of An Icon: Whitney Houston The woman who has influenced so many and has become an icon in the music industry. Whitney was born in a musical family who was the daughter of gospel singer Cissy Houston, cousin of singing star Dionne Warwick and the goddaughter of soul legend Aretha Franklin. By the age of 22, Whitney became one the greatest female voices of her generation. Whitney was an artists who came alive and was able to express herself in full confidence when she was singing. WhenRead MoreOutliers, By Malcolm Gladwell3671 Words   |  15 Pagesmost known people that are considered to be successful are billionaires and celebrities. They all have gained success in their lives in their own diverse ways. A good set of successful people in the world today to talk about are Mark Zuckerberg, Whitney Houston, and Nicholas Sparks. These people all come from different backgrounds before gaining their success. Malcolm Gladwell discussed many theories in the book â€Å"Outliers† that can relate to the success of the people mentioned above. The true knowledgeRead More Do Your Thing Honey!1434 Words   |  6 Pageswas not until her parents separated when she was a young teen that the headaches finally disappeared† (Edwards 8). Rihanna soon realized that it came from hiding her feelings. At age three, Rihanna began to sing and imitate her favorite artist. Whitney Houston’s â€Å"Saving All My Love for You† was her favorite. At the age of seven, her vocals began to really shine through. The neighbors would often complain about Rihanna’s singing. She would ignore them and keep belting out her songs. She could singRead MoreBeyonce Knowles: A Brief Biography915 Words   |  4 Pagesand having a very successful solo career, Beyoncà © Knowles is a very talented woman. Beyoncà © Gisele Knowles was born on September 4, 1981 in Houston, Texas. Her mother, Tina, was a clothing designer and her father, Matthew, was her manager. Beyoncà © went to a Visual Arts school in Houston. This is where she discovered she loved music (Beyoncà © Knowles Biography 1). In 1988 at Age 7, Beyoncà © joined a talent show. She won and even beat many people, even kids 15 and older. She sang the song â€Å"Imagine†Read MoreThe Roaring 20 s `` Changed Ella Fitzgerald s Lifestyle And Her Music1003 Words   |  5 PagesFitzgerald church played a large role in her musical abilities. Bethany African Methodist Episcopal Methodist Church was often attended by Fitzgerald and her family. Her church had even later taught and been attended by renowned musicians such as Whitney Houston. The church had trained Ella vocally using worship activities such as singing hymns. Her friends reported hearing Fitzgerald constantly singing. The style of music the church often sang was jazz or soul influenced by the era of music they wereRead MoreSelena: La Reina de Tejano1615 Words   |  7 Pagesthe market. Johnny Canales offered Selena the chance to be the leading role in a Mexican Soap opera, but she turned it down because Selena valued her appeal to her broad audience since she had principles. Johnny even compared her to Madonna, Whitney Houston, and Janet Jackson, but he said, â€Å"I’d say she was like those people, but better. Those people never sang Tejano. She could do what they do, but it would be hard for them to do what she does.† During this time as well, Selena and Pete AstudilloRead MoreDolly Parton : The World As One Of The Most Sought After Country Music Industry1715 Words   |  7 Pagesmovie world, a lot of movie producers and songwriters have asked Dolly to write some of the music for feature films. In fact, not a lot of people know that she actually wrote the theme song to The Bodyguard, â€Å"I Will Always Love You,† in which Whitney Houston herself recorded making it one of the most sought after love songs in the history of music charts. She has also written numerous other songs for other movies. Most recently she wrote a lot of the songs for her feature film, â€Å"Joyful Noise,† whichRead MoreLady Gaga case study11446 Words   |  46 PagesVincent Herbert and Streamline Records Superstar producer Vincent Herbert would give Gaga a second chance. Herbert was a driving force behind hits for top acts such as Destiny’s Child (with singer Beyoncà © Knowles), Puff Daddy (Sean Combs), Whitney Houston, Michael Jackson, and Stevie Wonder. Described by Interscope’s Berman as â€Å"one of the most hands-on creative executives I have ever dealt with,† Herbert was known for being open to new talent. â€Å"You never know when and where you are going to find

Comparing Allah and God Essay - 3292 Words

Pakistan, 1986. Zahid was a Muslim priest who had been brought up to hate and kill those with conflicting beliefs, especially Christians. He often persecuted Christians in town, feeling that by doing so, he would please Allah (the Muslim god). One day when Zahid was persecuting Christians, someone dropped a Bible. Rather than disposing of it, as he normally would have, Zahid hung onto it because he felt compelled to read it and expose its errors. In short, Zahid converted to Christianity and shared the Bible’s teachings with everyone. As a result, he was considered a traitor. Zahid began to experience much of the persecution he had carried out against many Christians. For two years he was imprisoned, beaten, tortured, and eventually†¦show more content†¦Take, for example, the common trait of a monotheistic god who is creator, sustainer, and ruler of the world. Allah, like the Christian God, is seen as the most powerful being in the world; no one even comes close to co mparing to him. Similarly, no one can share power with him. Both beings also play a role in creation – they not only created the world and everything in it, but also constantly hold it together. Many people look at these similarities and, as a result, think the two beings are same. By looking at each in greater detail, though, the differences quickly become obvious. (al-Araby 44; Haneef 13-14, 15). Although both Allah and the Christian God are seen as monotheistic by their followers, Muslims see the definition of a monotheistic deity a little bit differently. Or, looking at it another way, Muslims do not understand the Christian doctrine of the Trinity. In Christianity, God is seen as one, but at the same time as having three distinct â€Å"persons† – the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Matthew 28:19 says, â€Å"Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit.† A singular â€Å"name† is applied to the three persons. Because this concept is impossible to grasp in its entirety, Muslims tend to see Christians as pluralistic (worshipers of three gods) when, in fact, they are worshiping one. To Muslims, the concept of a triune God does not fit inShow MoreRelatedCritical Thinking : Islam Worldview / Christian Worldview 21086 Words   |  5 Pagesfollow the Islam religion. It is the second largest religion in the world† (Lipka, 2017). Followers of Islam reference God as Allah. According, to the Islam religion they believe Allah created Adam and from him they created his wife Hawwa (Eve). Hence, the creation of Adam and Hawwa (Eve) took place over a six day period that focused on flawlessness of two human beings. Comparing Islam with Biblical Worldview The biblical worldview has several perspectives that are the same as Islam religionRead MoreThe Human Spirit After Death Is Mentally And Emotionally Demanding1421 Words   |  6 Pagesmyths are true. For instance, there hasn’t been any evidence or physical proof to determine the whereabouts of the human spirit after death. However, there are rumors, stories, and myths of people returning from the dead proclaiming to have witnessed God or other phenomenons. Yet, none of the accusations has been scientifically proven or with proper documentation, therefore, not being able to properly associate the truth with a specific religious organization beliefs on death and afterlife. BecauseRead MoreIslam Five Pillars1344 Words   |  6 Pagesrelevant. Central to the Muslim belief is the importance of devotion and total submission to Allah. This is put into practice through the Five Pillars of Islam –the five obligatory duties that must be performed by all practising Muslims. These are the acts of faith, prayer, charity, fasting and pilgrimage. Carrying out these duties creates structure in a Muslim’s life, teaching them to devote their time to Allah and not get caught up in their own secular lives. The effect the Five Pillars of Islam hasRead MoreComparing Islam And Christianity And Islam1731 Words   |  7 Pagesfundamental beliefs. Comparing and contrasting Islam and Christianity, is a wonderful example of these differences based on fundamental beliefs. This concept is explored in the rest of this work through critically accessing Christian and Muslim views on the question of origin, identity, meaning and purpose, morality, and destiny. Islam and Christianity are in agreement that the origin of both living things and man were created by God himself. The Qu ‘ran states that Allah (God) created the heavensRead MoreHuman Nature, Origin, And Salvation1711 Words   |  7 Pagesabout our nature, origin, and salvation. In this paper, I will be comparing and contrasting two different world religions that discuss the topic of salvation. Within this framework, I will address what to be saved from, how to be saved, and where or what one is being saved to. Christianity teaches that all men have an inherent sinful nature. This nature is a result of the fall of Adam and Eve, the first created brings. God gave Adam and Eve every good thing he created to eat for their sustenanceRead MoreSimilarities Between Islam And Christianity997 Words   |  4 Pagesfaith is based on birth, crucifixion, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, who is recognized as the messiah which is contrary to the Muslims view of Jesus Christ being just a prophet/messenger of god among the many. Comparing and contrasting between the two religions is much easier than comparing and contrasting other religions because there s are vivid differences and similarities between the beliefs and practices in time of worship of both religions. Furthermore, getting the historic originRead MoreIslam : A Powerful Religion1437 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowers have a basic understanding that there is only one single and dominant God. The belief in monotheism is known to have risen d uring the time of Abraham. â€Å"Muslims, Christians, and Jews believe that a man named Abraham was the first person to worship a single God†¦Unlike other people of his time, the scriptures say that Abraham focused on the commands of a single deity, rather than on trying to appease many different gods.† Monotheism was a controversial idea amongst many societies and beliefs howeverRead MoreThe Most Influential Religions Of The World Are Christianity And Islam953 Words   |  4 Pagesfounded and taught, which includes the principle of total submission to Allah. When comparing the two religions, it is made apparent that there are a lot of differences in topics such as worship, practices, salvation, Jesus’s role, and many other things, which show the strength and weaknesses in both religions, and through those strengths and weaknesses it is made clear that Christianity is the more plausible religion.When comparing both religions, the first thing that separates them are the place ofRead MoreThe Comparison of Hinduism and Abrahamic Religions1149 Words   |  5 PagesAbrahamic Religions are many. The primary difference of beliefs is that Abrahamic Religion believes that there is one God. Hinduism beliefs vary being Pantheistic, monotheistic and polytheistic it is one of the most complex religions of the world. In the comparison of Hinduism and Abrahamic Religion differ on their concept of God. Along with their differences on the concept of God the Hindu’s and Abrahamic Religions also differ on their concept of man’s destiny. Finally Hindu’s and Abrahamic ReligionsRead More Comparing Islam and Christianity Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesComparing Islam and Christianity Although they share several basic theological ideas, Christianity and Islam differ on countless key characteristics. The most prominent differences include atonement, the identity of God, heaven, view of Jesus, and the perception of the Christian Bible. It is these not-so-subtle contrasts of thoughts that separate the two most prevalent religions in the world. One of the most important differences in Christianity and Islam is the concept of atonement. In Christianity

Paleolithic and Neolithic cultures Essay Example For Students

Paleolithic and Neolithic cultures Essay The Paleolithic Old Stone era began in about 40,000 10,000 B. C. The beginning of this period was marked by the first human hunter-gatherer societies. Hunting, fishing, and gathering of fruits and nuts were the main economic endeavors at the time. The responsibilities in these hunter-gathering societies were shared. The men of this period did the very dangerous hunting of large wild animals like bison and reindeer, while women gatherer fruits and nuts for an entire year. The small communities of 25-50 people came to consensus on decisions and ideas were shared. The extended family was core. Men and women both played a roll in child bearing. The people of this era lived in huts and caves. Caves were idealistic living quarters; they could be heated in the cold weather months and were cool in hot weather months. Caves were also good advantage points for observing prey. Caves were also the sites of representational art. Paleolithic cave paintings were of bison, horse, reindeer and mammoths. Historians believe that art may have been the cave dwellers attempts to control the environment through magic. Other representational art of this time included (Venus) figurines of women. The female figurines exaggerated the buttocks and breasts of women, perhaps in attempt to control fertility of women. Men spent a lot of time fashioning tools, like the javelin for hunting. The skilled craftsmanship of tools and the artists demonstrates at least a limited specialization of skills and division of labor, so these societies required organization in the villages. The desire to trade ideas and merchandise with other societies developed. The Neolithic New Stone era began sometime around 10,000 B. C. The beginning of this period was marked by the domestication of animals and plants. With men occupied in hunting, it may well have been females who first unraveled the secrets of agriculture. Humans specialized in the wild plants they collected and the animals they hunted. They began to learn how to control the environment in order to domesticate plants and animals. The domestication of animals perhaps started with dogs, which were useful in hunting. Then they learned to keep sheep, goats, chickens and cattle. Next came farming. They learned to grow wheat, barley, then legumes (beans). Craft specialization was evident, in addition to farming and shepherding, occupations in trading and accounting, iron working, clothing making, jewelers, artists and mining developed. The villagers mined copper (period was also known as Copper Age), gems, perhaps for pottery and hunting tools. Accountants were used for trade transactions. Technological advancements came into use like the wheel and complex metal casting. In Europe, elaborate temple complexes and other monuments were built, which required complex mathematics. Also during the Neolithic period, religions developed. Gods and goddesses controlled everything. Gods and goddesses of the earth and fertility were worshipped. There was a strong urge to create cities near water. The organization and engineering that took place in this period is what lead humans to civilization. Discuss the causes of ancient civilization. Civilizations evolved in response to the need in the Neolithic communities for organization and engineering. Early civilizations were very complex. In early civilizations there is evidence of large and specialized labor forces, strong government, technology to control the environment, significant projects in art and thought and the invention of writing. As Neolithic communities grew, there was a strong urge to create cities near water. The first civilizations began in Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers and in the valley of the Nile River in Egypt around 3500 3000 B. C.. Large and efficient irrigation and drainage projects created channels, dikes, or dams to control floodwaters and to improve the fertility of the land. There was a need for social and economic hierarchies. The city was a society of strangers. There were single people as well as nuclear families in monogamous relationships. Civil rights came because you lived in a city. .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba , .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba .postImageUrl , .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba , .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba:hover , .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba:visited , .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba:active { border:0!important; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba:active , .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4bb14530925080ce45c3f980552236ba:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sexual Harassment EssayWith individual freedoms came more responsibilities. There were five main social classes. The first class was the royal family, which marked the first form of government monarchy. The position of king or queen was inherited. If there was not an eldest son, the daughter became queen. The second class in the hierarchy was the aristocracy. The third class was made of the burghers or the artisans, mechanics, teachers, accountants, scribes and translators. The fourth class was made of the serfs. Serfs could not be bought or sold, but could not leave the land on which they worked, they had specific jobs. The river valley society developed into city-states, independent political units that each contained a rural countryside with villages controlled by a capital city. The urban landscapes most visible sign of centralized authority was the temple. The temple was the most important authority in religion, politics and economics. Temples were wealthy and powerful and commanded loyalty because only a strong institution could control the large amount of manpower required to build these elaborate works of architecture. Religion and politics went together, and this was the monarchys way to prove their legitimacy. The religions at this time were polytheistic. For instance there could be 3 gods per city and 1 national god. There were military forces in early civilizations. The original police were the kings guards and temple guards. There were special military drills developed to train the armies to address the militarys main concern, how to deal with outsiders. Discuss Egyptian art, architecture, literature, and religion. Art Egyptian art consisted mainly of sculptures carved in stone, wood, or metal. They were statues of kings, queens, gods and goddesses, husband, wives, adults and children, officials, priests, scribes. The body posture was rigid and stiff. The face was very individualistic and drawn from life. Other art was exemplified in the tombs. The tombs were decorated with rich, multicolored wall paintings, the first narrative painting. There are scenes of the gods, court ceremony, ordinary life, war and recreation. The paintings served a religious purpose representations of the living were meant to perpetuate them in the afterlife. Egyptian craftsmen were masters of gold jewelry-work, glassmaking, and wood working. Architecture Egyptian architecture included royal tombs, palaces, forts, pyramids and temples. These structures were built in harmony with the unique landscape. Stone temples like Ramesses IIs project at Abu Simbel, two chambers were carved out of rock, and in front of the larger chamber were four seated colossal statues of Ramesses carved out of rock. Great Pyramids demonstrated the kings abililty to organize a vast labor force. Literature Ancient Egyptian literature is notable for its variety. Religious subjects, historical and commemorative records, technical treaties in mathematics and medicine, business contracts, and royal proclamations. The fibers of the papyrus plant could be made into writing paper. Egyptian writing is best known for hieroglyphics, a system of pictures and abstract signs that represent sounds or ideas. Hieroglyphics were used only for monuments and ornamentation. Religion Polytheistic human, animal cats dogs crocodiles gods were worshipped or Henotheist worship of one god without denying the existence of others, Moral do unto others you come before judges in the underworld where your sins are weighed. and the sinless are admitted into eternal life, Immortality focus on the afterlife. Death could be an extremely pleasant continuation of life on earth. Preserved bodies embalming the Egyptian mummy. The ka soul was immortal. Chief Gods Re (Sun) Osiris (Earth/Death) Sumerians The Sumerian city-states were the foundation for all civilizations. They were the first literate society. The potesi was the king or governor of the city state. He was a representative on earth of the gods. Cities were really governed by the gods, Ziggarats, or stepped towers were the main temples of the city-state. Epic of Gilgamesh was a story of heroic deeds. It showed the connection between gods and humans. .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f , .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f .postImageUrl , .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f , .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f:hover , .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f:visited , .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f:active { border:0!important; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f:active , .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7705c898e86b316ee3035c4584cec70f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Alexander the Great EssayThe main themes are friendship, loss, and the inevitability of death. Babylonians absolute monarchy Hammarabis Code was harsh and it showed the inequity of law. Serfs had little rights. Nobility had more rights, privileges and responsibilities. Weights and measures. Fate divination. All humans are weak/defective. Sacrifices to the Gods were given. Humans are very separated from the Gods Assyrians War and conquest. Asshur was their main God, a war-god,. Cavalry units First state to rule both Tigris and Euphrates and the Nile River Valleys. Expansionist theory. Military and merchantile power. Mass deportation. Conquered a country and uprooted the people. Punished rebellion. Chaldeans Neo Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar conquered and destroyed Jerusalem in 586 BC. He deported the Judeans to Babylon in an event remembered as Babylonian Captivity. Cosmopolitan empire. Diverse, but superior and sophisticated. He rebuilt Babylon on a grand scale. Great interest in astronomy and astrology for religious reasons. Planets were Gods, cant be contained. Astronomers of that time could predict equinoxes and lunar eclipses and could calculate the movements of the moon and stars.

Urinary Tract Infection And Kidney Disease â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Urinary Tract Infection And Acute Kidney Disease? Answer: Introduction There exists a strong relation between urinary tract infection and acute kidney diseases and needs constant monitoring and redressal. Repeated occurrence of urinary tract infection could point at the presence of severe form of kidney disorders such as prostate gland enlargement in men and kidney stones in females (Chawla et al. 2014). Clinical association between UTI and confusion in the elderly The expressions of UTIs vary considerably in the old and the young have been often found to cause confusion in the elderly. The symptoms and expressions vary with the aged group due to the differential response of the body to the attacking germs and bacteria. The responses produced by the Urinary tract infections have been found to produce serious consequences in the elderly. Some of the elevated symptoms produced in the elderly are increased signs of confusion and agitation in the individual. Therefore, precautionary measures along such as emergency trauma care services need to be provided to the support user. Analysing aggravated health conditions in the patient There has been drastic health deterioration in the patient attributed to a number of conditions such as presence of asthma and cardiovascular disease. The man had been addicted to smoking as well which could increase his susceptibility to respiratory infections. As commented by Flores-Mireles et al. (2015), nicotine has been found to expose an individual to an increased plethora of infections. The patient here being a 78 year old man of aboriginal origin possess limited knowledge or has limited access to healthcare services. Therefore, he has been addicted to smoking and taken little care of his health. Thus, the situation of the patient needs to be monitored continuously. Therapy requirement In the current assignment the man had been admitted to the hospital with chronic urinary tract infections. Therefore, therapeutic interventions in the form of medicine and renal drugs were required to control the infection and manage the symptoms of pain within the patient. Conclusion The therapies administered should be supported with sufficient evidence based tools which would help in accessing the clinical conditions of the patient along with designing of effective care interventions There needs to be timely intervention and adequate amount of screening procedures for accessing the patient health. In this respect, conducting a urine analysis would help in measurement of the amount of secondary or toxic metabolites produces in the body. Thus, implementation of a detailed screening process would help in designing proper care plan. The responses produced by the Urinary tract infections have been found to produce serious consequences in the elderly. Some of the elevated symptoms produced in the elderly are increased signs of confusion and agitation in the individual. Therefore, precautionary measures along such as emergency trauma care services need to be provided to the support user. References Chawla, L. S., Eggers, P. W., Star, R. A., Kimmel, P. L. (2014). Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease as interconnected syndromes.New England Journal of Medicine,371(1), 58-66. Flores-Mireles, A. L., Walker, J. N., Caparon, M., Hultgren, S. J. (2015). Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options.Nature reviews. Microbiology,13(5), 269.

Solvent Essay Example

Solvent Essay Solubility of Organic Compounds Objectives: understanding the relative solubility of organic compounds in various solvents. Exploration of the effect of polar groups on a monopoly hydrocarbon skeleton. Introduction: The solubility of a solute (a dissolved substance) In a solvent (the dissolving medium) is the most Important chemical principle underlying three major techniques you will study in the organic chemistry laboratory: crystallization, extraction, and chromatography. In this experiment on solubility you will gain an understanding of the structural features of a substance that determine its solubility in various elevens. This understanding will help you to predict solubility behavior and to understand the techniques that are based on this property. In one part of this experiment, you will determine whether a solid organic compound is soluble or insoluble in a given solvent. You should keep in mind that this is actually an over simplification since some solids may be partially soluble in a given solvent. If the organic compound being dissolved in a solvent is a liquid, then it is sometimes more appropriate to say that the compound and the solvent are miscible (mix homogeneously In all proportions). Likewise, If the liquid organic impound Is Insoluble In the solvent, then they are Immiscible (do not mix, and form two liquid phases). A major goal of this experiment is to learn how to make predictions about whether or not a substance will be soluble in a given solvent. This is not always easy to do, even for an experienced chemist. We will write a custom essay sample on Solvent specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Solvent specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Solvent specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However there are some guidelines which will often make It possible for you to make a good guess about the collectibles of compounds In specific solvents. In discussing these guidelines It Is helpful to separate the types of solutions we will be looking at into two categories: (1 ) Solutions n which both the solvent and the solute are covalent (molecular). (2) Ionic solutions in which the solute unionizes and dissociates. L. Solutions In which the Solvent and Solute are Molecular A generalization which is very useful in predicting solubility behavior is the widely used rule, Like dissolves like. This rule is most commonly applied to polar and monopoly compounds. According to this rule, a polar solvent will dissolve polar (or ionic) compounds and a monopoly solvent will dissolve monopoly compounds. The reason why this rule works has to do with the nature of Intermolecular forces of attraction. Although we will not be focusing on the attraction between polar molecules is called dipole- dipole interaction (or hydrogen bonding under certain circumstances); between monopoly molecules it is called London dispersion forces. In both cases these attractive forces can occur between molecules of the same compound or different compounds In this experiment, you will be testing the solubility of several compounds in several solvents. You will then be asked to explain these results primarily in terms of the polarity of the solvent and the solute. This can be done only if you are able to determine whether a substance is polar or monopoly. The polarity of a compound is dependent on both the polarities of the individual bonds and the shape of the molecule. For most organic compounds, evaluating these factors can become quite complicated because of the complexities of the molecules. However, it is possible to make some reasonable predictions by Just looking at the types of atoms which a compound possesses. As you read the following guidelines, it is important to understand that, although we often describe compounds as being polar or monopoly, polarity is a matter of degree, ranging from monopoly to highly alarm. Guidelines. These guidelines will be helpful in completing this laboratory experiment. They will help you to determine if a substance is polar or monopoly and to make predictions about solubility. 1. All hydrocarbons are monopoly. Examples: Hexane Benzene 2. Compounds possessing the electronegative elements oxygen or nitrogen are generally polar. Acetone Ethyl alcohol Ethyl acetate Ethylene Ethyl ether Water The polarity of these compounds depends on the presence of polar C-O, C=O, OH, NH and CNN bonds. The compounds which are most polar are capable of forming hydrogen bonds (see #4) and have NH or OH bonds. Although all of these polar. This is due to the effect of the size of the carbon chain on polarity and whether or not the compound can form hydrogen bonds. 3. The presence of halogen atoms, even though their electromagnetisms are relatively high, does not alter the polarity of an organic compound in a significant way. Therefore, these compounds are only slightly polar. The polarities of these compounds are more similar to hydrocarbons, which are monopoly, than to water which is highly polar. Examples Methyl chloride (disintermediation) Schoolchildren 4. When comparing organic compounds within the same family, adding carbon atoms to the chain decreases the polarity. For example, methyl alcohol (COACH) is more polar than propel alcohol (CHICHIS). This is because hydrocarbons are monopoly, and increasing the length of a carbon chain makes the compound more hydrocarbon-like. The general rule of thumb is that each polar group (groups containing nitrogen or oxygen) will allow up to 4 carbons to be soluble in water. 5. As mentioned earlier, the force of attraction between polar molecules is dipole- dipole interaction. A special case of dipole-dipole interaction is hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is a possibility when a compound possesses a hydrogen atom bonded too nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atom. It is the attraction between this hydrogen atom and a nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atom in another molecule. Hydrogen bonding may occur between two molecules of the same compound or between molecules of different compounds. Hydrogen bonding is the strongest type of dipole-dipole interaction. When hydrogen bonding between solute and solvent is possible, solubility is greater than one would expect for compounds of similar polarity that cannot form hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonding is very important in organic chemistry and biochemistry, and you should be alert for situations in which hydrogen bonding may occur. II. Solutions in which the Solute Unionizes and Dissociates Many ionic compounds are highly soluble in water because of the strong attraction between ions and the highly polar water molecules. This also applies to organic compounds that can exist as ions. For example, sodium acetate consists of An+ and CHOC- ions, which are highly soluble in water. Although there are some exceptions, you may assume in this experiment that all organic compounds that are n the ionic form will be water-soluble. Sections. For example, carboxylic acids can be converted to water-soluble salts when they react with dilute aqueous Noah: water-insoluble carboxylic acid water-soluble salt The water-soluble salt can then be converted back to the original carboxylic acid by adding another acid (usually aqueous HCI) to the solution of the salt: Amines, which are orga nic bases, can also be converted to water-soluble salts when they react with dilute aqueous HCI: amine This salt can be converted back to the original amine by adding a base (usually aqueous Noah) to the solution of the salt. Pre-Lab: . Several portions of this lab request that you make predictions regarding outcomes of solubility experiments. Make these predictions before you arrive in lab and record them on this worksheet. 2. Write a paragraph describing hydrogen bonding and draw an illustration of hydrogen bonding between water molecules. Do not forget to discuss electronegative, lone pairs and bond polarity. Complete this assignment on a separate sheet of paper and submit it at the beginning of lab. Lab Report Guide: 1. Results (5 pets) Tables neatly filled out Questions legibly answered Results: (Please fill out and submit with the lab report. Recopy if messy) Part A. Solubility of Solid Compounds Place about 40 MGM (0. 040 g) of phenyl into each of two dry test tubes. (Dont try to be exact: you can be 1-2 MGM off and the experiment will still work. ) Label the test tubes and then add 1 ml of water to the 1st tube and 1 ml of hexane to the 2nd tube. Determine the solubility of each sample in the following way. Using the rounded end of a spatula, stir each sample continuously for 60 seconds by twirling the spatula rapidly. After 60 seconds (do not stir longer), note whether the compound is soluble (dissolves completely) or insoluble (none of it dissolves). If all but a couple granules have dissolved, then you should state that the sample is soluble. Record these results in the following table. Now repeat the directions given above for with Miltonic acid. Record these results. Compound Water Prediction Water Result Hexane Prediction Hexane Result Phenyl Miltonic acid Problems 1. For each of the four solubility tests, explain your results in terms of the polarities. A. Phenyl in water b. Phenyl in hexane d. Miltonic acid in hexane Is hydrogen bonding possible for any of the 4 pairs of solids and solvent? If so, 2. Draw a picture showing a hydrogen bond between the solvent and solute. Part B. Solubility of Different Alcohols For each solubility test (see table), add 1 ml of solvent (water or hexane) to a test tube. Then add one of the alcohols drowses. Shake the tube after adding each drop. Continue adding the alcohol until you have added a total of 10 drops. If you see one layer, the liquids are miscible (soluble). If you see two layers, they are immiscible. Record your results (miscible or immiscible) in your notebook in table form. Methyl alcohol 1 -Octagon . Explain each of these results. Methyl alcohol in water a. B. Methyl alcohol in hexane . I-octagon in water d. I-octagon in hexane Part C. Miscible or Immiscible Pairs For each of the following pairs of liquid compounds, predict if the pairs will be miscible or immiscible. (It is best to make your prediction for each pair after you have tested the previous pairs. ) Then add 1 ml of both liquids to the same test tube. Use a different test tube for each pair. Shake the test tube for 10-20 seconds to determine if the two liquids are miscible (form one layer) or immiscible (form two layers). Record your results in the table. Mixture Prediction Result Water and Ethyl Alcohol Water and Ethyl Ether Water and Methyl Chloride Water and Hexane.